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Newark
 Newark’s five wards each have their own defining characteristics and atmosphere. The North Ward is home to about 56,000 residents of varying economic and cultural backgrounds. Defining features include the neighborhoods of Forest Hills and Roseville, Branch Brook Park and the North Ward Educational and Cultural Center. There are 14 public schools and three libraries within this district.
The East Ward has a population of about 54,000 among its three main neighborhoods: Ironbound, Dayton and Downtown. The largest ethnic groups in East Ward are Portuguese, Spanish, Puerto Rican and Cuban, though Italian, Jewish and Eastern European cultures also have a presence here. Ironbound is known for its excellent fine dining in the Portuguese and Spanish traditions and for the arts and cultural activities held at the Ironbound Educational and Cultural Center. The East Ward has 13 public school campuses and two libraries. The Central Ward is defined by historic landmarks, university campuses and a strong African-American heritage. The Kreuger-Scott Mansion, Metropolitan Baptist Church, Eberhardt Hall and other well-known sites reflect the many years of history created within the Central Ward. This district is also home to four colleges, including the country’s largest health sciences university, the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. The Central Ward’s 54,000 residents are served by 28 schools and one library. The Vailsburg area of the city in the West Ward is considered one of the more exclusive residential neighborhoods of Newark. Vailsburg is separated from the rest of the city by the Garden State Parkway. With a selection of 1940s Dutch Colonial and Victorian homes and a large park, Vailsburg has a more suburban atmosphere than other Newark neighborhoods. The West Ward in total has about 55,000 residents, 11 public schools and one library. The South Ward includes the neighborhoods of Weequahic and Clinton Hill. Weequahic was developed out of farmland in the late-19th century around a large park. Today, that park is the defining feature of the neighborhood. The 311-acre site contains a lake, jogging paths and the country’s oldest public golf course. Clinton Hill consists of residential areas and light retail and industrial activity. Newark’s history dates back to 1666, when it was founded by a group of English settlers looking to start a new life. It isn’t surprising, then, that the city is home to many historical landmarks and organizations that foster continued appreciation of Newark’s path of development. The New Jersey Historical Society, established in 1845, maintains collections of documents and artifacts pertaining to the history and development of Newark and New Jersey. Notable Newark landmarks include The Plume House, The Newark Public Library, Washington Park, the intersection of Broad and Market and the Kreuger-Scott Mansion. Washington Park and the intersection of Broad and Market, for example, were laid out by Newark’s earliest settlers. The other buildings demonstrate a variety of different architectural styles: The Plume House is a Dutch colonial farmhouse built in the early-18th century; The Newark Public Library is an Italian-Renaissance building constructed in 1903; the Kreuger-Scott Mansion was built in the 1880s in the baroque style. The city also has many historic churches and cathedrals: St. James A.M.E. Church, Grace Episcopal Church, First Presbyterian Church, St. John’s Catholic Church, Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Trinity and St. Philip’s Cathedral, St. Joseph’s Plaza and First Baptist Peddie Memorial Church. Each represents a specific and important piece of Newark history. Construction of Cathedral Basilica, for example, began in 1899 and wasn’t complete until 1954. As the fifth largest cathedral in North America, the structure was awarded minor basilica status by Pope John Paul II in 1995. First Presbyterian Church represents an earlier era; the building was begun during the Revolutionary War and completed in 1791. Today it is a symbol of Newark’s roots as a theocratic settlement. |
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